Saturday, March 14, 2015

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Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

By Asad Russel –

About the Tyre, Lebanon:
In southern Lebanon an ancient Phoenician city is the Tyre (in Latin Tyrus and in Hebrew Zor), into the Mediterranean Sea jutting out. North of Acre (the Akko) about 23 miles and south of Sidon about 20 miles it is located. Sur is the name of today’s modern city. An illustrious and long history has the Tyre. In the Phoenicians in ancient time the most important city was the Tyre, of purple dye from the export amassing great power and wealth.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

Visited by St. Paul of a Christian community Tyre was the home in the first century AD, and in the 12th century for the Crusaders a major stronghold it became. In Lebanon the fourth largest city is the Tyre (Sur) today and due to the ancient ruins for tourist is a popular spot. In 1984 to UNESCO’s World Heritage Site list it was added.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

The history of the Tyre:
As early as 1500 BC on monuments appears the Tyre, and about 2700 BC to have been founded claiming that according to the Herodotus. In the ancient world the leading merchants were the inhabitants of Tyre. For the production of purple dye of a rare sort was particularly known the city of Tyre, the Tyrian purple known as, for royal use which was reserved in many ancient time cultures.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

Into between the Tyrians and Hebrews was entered a friendly alliance during the time of King David (c. 1000 BC), by their native kings ruled over who were for long. By Egypt was often attacked the Tyre, from 586 to 573 BC by the Babylonian Nebuchadnezzar and of the Persians under the power it later fell. By Alexander the Great was conquered the city in 332 BC, of seven months after a siege. By a causeway one on the coast and one on the island about 1 kilometer apart Alexander connected two distinct during the siege. Until the Christian era much of its commercial importance to maintain Tyre continued.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

About breadcrumbs a clever reply after she gave him a Syrian woman’s daughter Jesus healed somewhere near the Tyre. In Jerusalem shortly after the martyrdom of Stephen and the St. Paul in Tyre was founded a Christian church. During the First Crusade in 1124 Tyre was captured and of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem one of the most important cities became. In 1187 to Saladin of Jerusalem after the fall, moved to Acre the seat of kingdom but in Tyre were still held coronations. By the Mameluks Tyre was retaken in 1291. After the World War I of the modern state of Lebanon until it became a part to Ottoman rule it then passed.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

At the Tyre what to see:

The excavated ancient ruins an impressive array Tyre offer the visitors today, three archaeological sites across which are spread. With several stone tombs of freestanding  the remains of a Roman cemetery (necropolis) the sites includes, also from an ancient church a Byzantine mosaic floor, bathhouse, cardo (street), aqueduct and a roman triumphal arch.

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

Tyre: The ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon

The arena for chariot racing hippodrome of Tyre, survives a significant amount of which, of stone is being built is unique instead of the bricks which are more usual. 20,000 spectators it could seat. At Tyre have also been unearthed remains from other periods, from the Crusader, Arab and Byzantine eras including those, but most impressive and numerous are that it is the Roman ruins. You can also visit the colorful souk (market, a Christian quarter, double domed Shia mosque and tomb of King Ahiram (Hiram).  

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